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Europe and the Mediterranean Gender equality Human rights, identity and citizenship Internships and Seminars Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Youth and the Mediterranean

TIROCINIO LABORATORIALE MEDFILM FESTIVAL A.A. 2021-22

“Mi trovo spesso a disagio con il sostantivo cultura…… Se penso alla ragione di ciò mi rendo conto che gran parte del disagio dovuto al sostantivo ha a che fare con il preconcetto che la cultura sia un qualche oggetto, una cosa o una sostanza, fisica o metafisica. Questa sostanziazione sembra riportare la cultura entro lo spazio discorsivo della razza, e cioè proprio entro quell’ idea per contrastare la quale era stata in origine concepita. Se implica una sostanza mentale, il sostantivo cultura privilegia di fatto quell’idea di condivisione, accordo e compiutezza che contrasta fortemente con quel che sappiamo sui dislivelli di conoscenza e sul prestigio differenziale degli stili di vita e distoglie l’attenzione dalle concezioni e dall’azione di coloro che sono emarginati e dominati. Se è invece vista come una sostanza fisica, la cultura comincia allora a puzzare di qualche varietà di biologismo, inclusa la razza, che abbiamo sicuramente superato come categorie scientifiche”.

Arjun Appadurai, Antropologo, Professore di Media, Culture and Communication alla New York University

Cos’è il laboratorio

(a cura di Laura Guazzone, Professoressa di Storia Contemporanea del mondo arabo; Ada Barbaro, Professoressa di Letteratura contemporanea del mondo arabo; Francesco Zappa, Professore di Islamistica)

L’obiettivo del laboratorio è stimolare e migliorare le capacità di riflessione e dibattito dei tirocinanti sulle opere viste durante l’esperienza come membri della Giuria Universitaria del MedFilm Festival in relazione ai temi affrontati nel tirocinio. Il laboratorio si è svolto in un incontro online che si è svolto dalle 10 alle 13 dell’11 febbraio 2022 sulla piattaforma Zoom. Il laboratorio è stato diviso in tre sezioni tematiche denominate “focus”.

FOCUS TEMATICI:

1. Cultura e identità nel Mediterraneo  > Letture di Ugo Fabietti, Alessia Melcangi, Francesco Remotti, Marco Antonio Pirrone.

2. Cinema, letteratura e questioni di genere nel Mediterraneo > Letture di Veronica Flora, Aldo Nicosia, Marco Antonio Pirrone, Olga Solombrino.

3. Diritti umani e islam nel Mediterraneo > Letture di Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im, Marco Antonio Pirrone, Francesco Zappa.

Come si svolge il laboratorio

 Ciascuno studente sarà “oratore” in uno dei tre focus, a sua scelta, e  “commentatore” negli altri due.  In ogni focus ciascun “oratore” ha illustrato al gruppo il proprio discorso attraverso il supporto di slides, il proprio personale percorso di collegamento culturale tra i temi del focus approfonditi nelle letture assegnate e le opere di cui è stato spettatore nel MedFilm Festival. Al termine di tutte le presentazioni di ciascun focus, i commentatori hanno espresso brevemente i propri commenti (di accordo o disaccordo) sulle presentazioni degli “oratori” e analizzato insieme in che modo i film o i documentari visti al MedFilm Festival hanno affrontato/interpretato gli argomenti dei focus nella prospettiva delle analisi delle letture proposte.

“(…) Cosa c’è dopo avere sostenuto (l’ho fatto nel libro L’ossessione identitaria del 2010) che l’identità è un mito, è un mito pernicioso, un mito di cui ci si può liberare? Cosa c’è al posto delle identità? Al posto delle identità sono affiorate le somiglianze. Non è che prima non ci fossero: semplicemente erano tenute nascoste dalle identità, dalla politica delle identità. Le identità tagliano via le somiglianze, le negano (i nazisti negavano qualunque somiglianza con gli ebrei, gli hutu con i tutsi e così via). Ma se ci si libera del pensiero identitario, le somiglianze — dotate di resilienza — riaffiorano. Ho dedicato un libro alle Somiglianze per rendermi conto che esse non sono soltanto in superficie: sono in profondità, perché coincidono con i legami che connettono le varie cose del mondo, compresi i “noi”, compresi i noi identitari. Riconoscere le somiglianze significa aprire una via per la convivenza. Il percorso è poi tutto ancora da compiere (…)”

(estratto da Intervista all’antropologo Francesco Remotti, professore emerito all’Università di Torino, a cura di Daniela Monti)

Professoressa Laura Guazzone, Professor Francesco Zappa, Studentesse del tirocinio

Professoressa Ada Barbaro, Studentesse e Studenti del tirocinio

«(…) L’universalità deve essere costruita attraverso l’idea di consenso progressivo. Per raggiungerlo è necessario tener conto delle relazioni di potere. Questo vale per ogni tipo di universalismo, non solo
per le fedi (…) Il mio scopo è creare consapevolezza della necessità di ricorrere a forme alternative di potere come le istituzioni internazionali. Non lasciare che gli stati si risolvano le questioni fra di loro ma coinvolgere tutta l’umanità… mi sembra che le due cose siano parecchio diverse. Per parlare di dialogo interreligioso, tolleranza e rispetto e per praticarli, servono istituzioni e sistemi normativi. Finché restano il tentativo di singoli, non hanno possibilità di riuscita, ma se si lavora insieme, non si penserà più in termini di quello che l’altro vuole estorcermi o impormi, ma in termini di comunità umana (…)» (da Diritti umani tra potere duro e potere morbido di Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im)

Categories
Freedom of expression Human rights, identity and citizenship Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Socio-economic issues and migrations

LEAVING NO ONE BEHIND Towards Inclusive Citizenship in Arab Countries

PDF) Leaving No One Behind Towards Inclusive Citizenship in Arab Countries Arab  Human Development Report Research Paper

Arab Human Development Report

LEAVING NO ONE BEHIND
Towards Inclusive Citizenship in Arab Countries

Research Paper published for the United Nations Development Programme – Regional Bureau for Arab States

Authors: Adel Abdellatif, Paola Pagliani and Ellen Hsu

Introduction
Building inclusive societies has been a challenge in Arab countries, and the limitations in inclusion have become more acute since 2011, as the relationship between citizens and the state — and among various social
groups — has deteriorated in some countries.
Despite different governance structures, all Arab countries manifest serious fault lines in modern notions of citizenship.
The starting point of this paper is that the Arab region’s human development fault lines have grown more complex since 2011 — and deepened in several countries. Today many people live insecure lives, more people live under persistent pressures that inhibit them from realizing their potential as human beings, and too many lives are cut short as armed conflicts take their grim toll. If the ongoing conflicts are not resolved and demographic projections of faster population growth in crisis countries are realized, 40 percent of the people in Arab countries will live in crisis and conflict in 2030, when the SDGs should be achieved.
Achieving the SDGs in Arab countries thus requires addressing the most debilitating development problems related to citizenship in a region where the relations between the state and society remain deeply fraught and
contested amid political, social and economic fragility.
Given the importance of understanding, and potentially explaining, manifestations of exclusion and inequality, the link between citizenship and human development needs to be further explored.

Document: arab-hdr.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/UNDP_Citizenship_and_SDGs_report_web.pdf

Source: www.hdr.undp.org/en

Categories
Europe and the Mediterranean Focus Freedom of expression Human rights, identity and citizenship Mediterranean and Middle East Social inclusion and fight against discriminations

The EU’s Democracy, Human Rights and Resilience Discourse and Its Contestation

Authors: Pacello, Maria Cristina, Huber Daniela, Kerrou M., Nouira A

Introduction

The paper will first provide a background analysis, based on a critical review of the discourses of the EU and other key international and regional players, discursive positions of civil society actors (including at this stage only documents produced by civil
society networks which span the Mediterranean) and the academic discourse. The aim is not only to de-construct the EU’s own discourse on democracy, human rights and now resilience; it also juxtaposes it to the discourse of other top-down and bottom-up actors. The academic
discourse produced in Europe takes a specific role in this overall picture as it generally sits within the larger EU discourse, even though a critical literature is emerging which resists this discourse. It is to this latter literature that this work package seeks to contribute. The second
and third parts of this paper, therefore, depart from the Euro-centrism of the literature in two ways. First, the second part gives an introductory overview on the central role played by civil society in the Arab uprisings and beyond. Unfortunately, very little is known in the literature
about how individual and civil society actors based in the four country case studies perceive their own role in their countries and which political ideas they are promoting for their countries.
The third part of this paper, therefore, outlines a methodology aimed at filling this gap by conducting discourse analysis of relevant documents produced by a selected number of civil society actors in such countries, and conducting recursive interviews with these stakeholders.

Document: iris.unive.it/retrieve/handle/10278/3701654/149195/medreset_cp_4.pdf

Categories
Focus Freedom of expression Gender equality Human rights, identity and citizenship Social inclusion and fight against discriminations

New Trends in Identity Politics in the Middle East and North Africa and Their Impact on State–Society Relations

Title: New Trends in Identity Politics in the Middle East and North Africa and Their Impact on State–Society Relations

Authors: Silvia Colombo Enrico Campelli Francesca Caruso Raffaella A. Del Sarto

State–society relations in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have been deeply impacted by the dynamics around collective identities in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings and of other domestic and regional far-reaching developments, such as the failed coup attempt in Turkey or the ramifications of the Syrian conflict. It is therefore of utmost importance to discuss the changes (or lack thereof) in the articulation of collective identities, what pressures shape them, and what impact this has on the societal actors and ultimately on their relations with the state institutions and policies. In this regard two trends can be identified whereby pluralization and hybridization in certain countries, for example Morocco and Tunisia, stand in opposition to entrenchment and polarization, as illustrated by the Israeli and the Turkish cases. The result is heightened conflictuality in state–society relations and within societies at large in the MENA with the risk of spillovers at the regional level.

Document: www.iai.it/sites/default/files/menara_wp_14.pdf

Source: www.iai.it

Categories
Europe and the Mediterranean Focus Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Socio-economic issues and migrations Uncategorized

Thirty years of EU-Mediterranean Policies (1989-2019): an assessment

Authors: Bichara Khader & Haizam Amirah-Fernández


Document www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/wcm/connect/f2a74e40-1be3-483c-a2bd-5ac712c5f657/WP8-2020-Khader-Amirah-Thirty-years-EU-Mediterranean-Policies-1989-2019-an-assessment.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=f2a74e40-1be3-483c-a2bd-5ac712c5f657

Web site:

Real Istituto Elcano www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/rielcano_es/!ut/p/a1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOKNQ1zcA73dDQ0MLIOcDRzdLbxDLE0NDcI8TIAKIoEKDHAARwNC-gtyQxUB1ntQFg!!/dl5/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/

Categories
Europe and the Mediterranean Freedom of expression Immigration Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Socio-economic issues and migrations

Mobility Policies in the Mediterranean

Title: The EU’S Migration, Asylum and Mobility Policies in the Mediterranean

This MEDRESET Policy Brief summarizes the findings of MEDRESET’s WP7 on migration, mobility and asylum in the Mediterranean and identifies policy implications.

Introduction

Migration, asylum and mobility represent an increasingly contentious field of governance in Euro-Mediterranean relations. In the Mediterranean area, cooperation in this policy field has long been characterized by fundamental divergences of interests and approaches, not only between the northern and southern shores of the Mediterranean, or between (predominantly) sending, transit and receiving countries, but also among institutional and civil society actors on both sides of the Mediterranean.

MEDRESET Work Package 7 (WP7) was aimed: firstly, at developing a deeper knowledge of the diverse perceptions and priorities of different stakeholders with regard to migration; secondly, at evaluating the EU’s policies and role in the field of migration, mobility and asylum in the southern and eastern Mediterranean (SEM) region from the viewpoint of grassroots actors, at both the local and the EU level; and thirdly, at formulating a set of policy recommendations that reflect the perspective of civil societystakeholders, especially from SEM countries, with the purpose of innovating the governance of migration in the Mediterranean.

By adopting a non-Eurocentric approach, and based on extensive empirical research, WP7 found that the EU’s discourse in the migration policy field is informed by two dominant frames – unilateralism and securitization – which translate into largely Eurocentric, securitizing and conditionality-based policies and practices. Moreover, WP7 found that, despite the existence of country-specific issues and different migration policy agendas in the Maghreb and the Middle East, SEM stakeholders in the four target countries (Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia and Turkey) share a common perception of EU migration policies as abusively and inappropriately restrictive and ineffective, elaborated in a unilateral way and imposed through unbalanced power relations.

With a high level of consensus among themselves, they recommend that the EU radically change its approach to Euro-Mediterranean relations and to migration governance in particular, in order to make it less Eurocentric and security-oriented, and more inclusive, balanced and responsive.

This policy brief describes, firstly, how stakeholders perceive the Mediterranean space and EU practices in it, and, secondly, which alternative policies they recommend.

Document: www.iai.it/sites/default/files/medreset_pb_5.pdf

En arabe: www.iai.it/sites/default/files/medreset_pb_5_ar.pdf

Source: www.iai.it

Cordis: cordis.europa.eu/project/id/693055/it

Categories
Europe and the Mediterranean Focus Immigration Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Socio-economic issues and migrations Youth and the Mediterranean

Refugee Movements in the Middle East: Old Crises, New Ideas

Title: Refugee Movements in the Middle East: Old Crises, New Ideas

Auteur: Shaden Khallaf

The MENA region has been dealing with waves of refugee crises for decades. Addressing urban and protracted refugee crises in the region contributed to triggering reflection on the global governance of refugee protection. The Global Compact on Refugees now sets out the parameters for stronger solidarity and responsibility-sharing, based on multi-stakeholder partnerships, inclusive and comprehensive solutions, and stronger emphasis on host community support and engagement as the new way forward.

Document: https://www.iai.it/sites/default/files/menara_wp_29.pdf

Source: www.iai.it

Categories
Environment and climate change Freedom of expression Human rights, identity and citizenship Immigration Mediterranean and Middle East Mediterranean in the world Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Socio-economic issues and migrations

IEMed Mediterranean Yearbook 2020

IEMed Mediterranean Yearbook 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic not only conditions the Mediterranean region’s evolution, but also affects all areas of its society, across the board. That’s why the Yearbook devotes its Dossier to analysing the perspectives of Euromed relations in times of the coronavirus through the prisms of different themes while the articles of the Panorama section (short articles on the most relevant themes in the Mediterranean area) offer a transversal vision of the effects of the pandemic on regions, countries and strategic sectors.

The Keys section focuses on popular mobilizations that have taken place in the MENA region, climate change in the Mediterranean, Europe’s relations with Africa, the status quo of the conflicts in the region and their geopolitical context.

Finally, the Yearbook offers chronologies, statistics and maps, which provide a wealth of information and serve as the perfect complement to the analysis offered in the articles.

Document www.iemed.org/publicacions-en/historic-de-publicacions/anuari-de-la-mediterrania/sumaris/iemed-mediterranean-yearbook-2020?set_language=en

Categories
Africa and the Mediterranean Conflicts Freedom of expression Gender equality Human rights, identity and citizenship Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Socio-economic issues and migrations

Women and Gender in the Middle East and North Africa: Mapping the Field and Addressing Policy Dilemmas at the Post-2011 Juncture

Title: Women and Gender in the Middle East and North Africa: Mapping the Field and Addressing Policy Dilemmas at the Post-2011 Juncture

Author: Katerina Dalacoura

This report offers a “map” of the diverse situations of women in the post-2011 MENA region. It shows that there have been tremendous achievements and improvements in the lives of women in health and education but less progress in employment; and that legal inequalities remain widespread, as do limitations on women’s participation in politics and civil society. The report analyses the impact of recent events, particularly the conflicts, but also the political opportunities that came about as a result of the 2011 Arab uprisings. It also touches on the situation of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) individuals, and specifically their mobilization and changing attitudes towards their rights. The report ends by focusing on Western gender policy in the region. It argues for an approach that balances the ethical demands of individual and collective rights, and for a liberal position that respects and supports women’s and LGBT rights without being overly prescriptive about the values and choices that should govern the lives of individuals.

Document: https://www.iai.it/sites/default/files/menara_fr_3.pdf

Source: www.iai.it

Categories
Conflicts Focus Freedom of expression Gender equality Human rights, identity and citizenship Mediterranean and Middle East Social inclusion and fight against discriminations Youth and the Mediterranean

Reconstructing Gender in the Middle East: Tradition, Identity and Power (1994)

Authors: Fatma Müge Göçek & Shiva Balaghi

Employing a broad, interdisciplinary perspective on gender relations, « Reconstructing Gender in the Middle East » questions long-standing stereotypes about the traditional subordination of women in the region. With essays on gender construction in Iran, Turkey, Israel, Morocco, Egypt, Lebanon, and the Occupied Territories, this collection offers a wide-ranging exploration of tradition, identity, and power in different parts of the Middle East. Seeking to overcome monolithic Western notions of women’s life in « the traditional society, » the essays in Part I reexamine the assumption that such societies leave little room for female participation. Part II focuses on the reconstruction of identities by women in Iran, Turkey, Israel, and the Occupied Territories.The authors examine the complex variables that contribute to the development of identities – including gender, class, and ethnicity – in various Middle Eastern societies, questioning whether certain identities are more important to women than others. These essays also look at the issue of group identity formation versus the autonomy of the individual. Part III looks at the relationship between gender and power in everyday life in Lebanon, Israel, Egypt, and Morocco, showing how power relations are constantly contested and renegotiated among family members and members of a community, between nations and between men and women. With its collection of enlightened and diverse contemporary perspectives on women in the Middle East, « Reconstructing Gender in the Middle East » is an important work that will have significant impact on the way we look at gender in traditional societies.

Document: https://books.google.it/books?hl=it&lr=&id=RIDouVTcz10C&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=identity+middle+east&ots=Fs5DZwBKgQ&sig=5dDiPVzrUizImoBdKfQQBuX4BBA#v=onepage&q=identity%20middle%20east&f=false